Reference
Formats
Every format convert.dev reads or writes, by kind. There are 276 of them.
Naming a format
Pass a format by its id or by an alias, as to in a job or as --to and --from in cv. jpg is jpeg, and markdown is md.
A file's format comes from its content, not from its name, so a wrong extension does not matter. The extensions below are the ones cv reads from an output path.
cv targets <file> lists what a format can become. See Targets and catalog.
Images
| Id | Name | Extensions |
|---|---|---|
| png | PNG | .png |
| jpeg | JPEG. Also jpg. | .jpg .jpeg .jfif .jpe |
| webp | WebP | .webp |
| gif | GIF | .gif |
| tiff | TIFF. Also tif. | .tif .tiff |
| svg | SVG | .svg .svgz |
| bmp | Bitmap | .bmp .dib |
| heic | HEIC. Also heif. | .heic .heif |
| avif | AVIF | .avif |
| jxl | JPEG XL | .jxl |
| jp2 | JPEG 2000. Also jpeg2000. | .jp2 .j2k |
| pnm | Portable Anymap. Also ppm, pgm, pbm. | .pnm .ppm .pgm .pbm |
| exr | OpenEXR. Also openexr. | .exr |
| hdr | Radiance HDR. Also radiance. | .hdr |
| fits | FITS | .fits .fts |
| apng | Animated PNG | .apng |
| emf | Enhanced Metafile | .emf |
| wmf | Windows Metafile | .wmf |
| ico | Windows Icon | .ico |
| cur | Windows Cursor | .cur |
| tga | Truevision TGA | .tga |
| pcx | PCX | .pcx |
| dds | DirectDraw Surface | .dds |
| xpm | X PixMap | .xpm |
| xbm | X BitMap | .xbm |
| psd | Photoshop Document | .psd |
| pict | Macintosh PICT | .pict .pct |
| wbmp | Wireless Bitmap | .wbmp |
| xcf | GIMP Image | .xcf |
| raw | Camera RAW | .dng .cr2 .crw .nef .nrw .arw .srf .sr2 .raf .orf .rw2 .rwl .pef .ptx .srw .mrw .3fr .dcr .kdc .erf .mef .mos .iiq .fff .k25 |
| pcd | Kodak Photo CD | .pcd |
| dcm | DICOM | .dcm .dicom |
| icns | Apple Icon Image | .icns |
| ora | OpenRaster | .ora |
| kra | Krita Document. Also krita. | .kra |
| qoi | QOI | .qoi |
| dpx | DPX | .dpx |
| cin | Cineon | .cin |
| sgi | SGI Image | .sgi .rgb .bw |
| sun | Sun Raster | .ras .sun |
| miff | MIFF | .miff |
| pfm | Portable FloatMap | .pfm |
| sixel | Sixel | .sixel .six |
| xwd | X Window Dump | .xwd |
| svs | Aperio SVS | .svs |
| ndpi | Hamamatsu NDPI | .ndpi |
Documents
| Id | Name | Extensions |
|---|---|---|
| docx | Word Document | .docx |
| doc | Word 97-2003 Document | .doc |
| .pdf .ai | ||
| hwp | Hancom Word 5 | .hwp |
| hwpx | Hancom Word HWPX | .hwpx |
| xlsx | Excel Workbook | .xlsx |
| pptx | PowerPoint Presentation | .pptx .ppsx |
| odt | OpenDocument Text | .odt |
| rtf | Rich Text Format | .rtf |
| xls | Excel 97-2003 Workbook | .xls .xlt |
| ppt | PowerPoint 97-2003 Presentation | .ppt .pps |
| ods | OpenDocument Spreadsheet | .ods |
| odp | OpenDocument Presentation | .odp |
| ps | PostScript. Also postscript. | .ps |
| eps | Encapsulated PostScript | .eps |
| docm | Word Macro-Enabled Document | .docm |
| dotx | Word Template | .dotx |
| xlsm | Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook | .xlsm |
| xltx | Excel Template | .xltx |
| pptm | PowerPoint Macro-Enabled Presentation | .pptm |
| potx | PowerPoint Template | .potx |
| odg | OpenDocument Drawing | .odg |
| dxf | AutoCAD DXF | .dxf |
| xps | XPS | .xps .oxps |
| pages | Apple Pages | .pages |
| numbers | Apple Numbers | .numbers |
| key | Apple Keynote. Also keynote. | .key |
| vsdx | Visio Drawing | .vsdx .vstx |
| vsd | Visio 2003-2010 Drawing | .vsd |
| pub | Microsoft Publisher | .pub |
| cdr | CorelDRAW | .cdr |
| wpd | WordPerfect | .wpd |
| wps | Microsoft Works | .wps |
| abw | AbiWord | .abw |
| dif | Data Interchange Format | .dif |
| slk | SYLK Spreadsheet | .slk .sylk |
| djvu | DjVu | .djvu .djv |
| xlsb | Excel Binary Workbook | .xlsb |
| dbf | dBase Table | .dbf |
Text and data
| Id | Name | Extensions |
|---|---|---|
| md | Markdown. Also markdown. | .md .markdown .mdown |
| txt | Plain Text. Also text. | .txt .log |
| html | HTML. Also htm. | .html .htm |
| csv | CSV | .csv |
| tex | LaTeX. Also latex. | .tex .latex |
| ipynb | Jupyter Notebook. Also notebook. | .ipynb |
| rst | reStructuredText. Also restructuredtext. | .rst |
| org | Org Mode | .org |
| typst | Typst. Also typ. | .typ |
| textile | Textile | .textile |
| mediawiki | MediaWiki. Also wiki. | .wiki .mediawiki |
| dokuwiki | DokuWiki | .dokuwiki |
| jira | Jira Wiki Markup | .jira |
| man | Man Page. Also troff, roff. | .man |
| opml | OPML Outline | .opml |
| docbook | DocBook | .dbk .docbook |
| asciidoc | AsciiDoc. Also adoc. | .adoc .asciidoc |
| djot | Djot | .dj .djot |
| bibtex | BibTeX. Also bib. | .bib .bibtex |
| ris | RIS Citation | .ris |
| srt | SubRip Subtitle. Also subrip. | .srt |
| vtt | WebVTT Subtitle. Also webvtt. | .vtt |
| ass | SubStation Alpha Subtitle. Also ssa. | .ass .ssa |
| smi | SAMI Subtitles | .smi .sami |
| sub | MicroDVD Subtitles | .sub |
| sbv | SubViewer Subtitles | .sbv |
| lrc | LRC Lyrics | .lrc |
| ttml | TTML Subtitles | .ttml .dfxp |
| yaml | YAML | .yaml .yml |
| toml | TOML | .toml |
| tsv | Tab-Separated Values | .tsv .tab |
| jsonl | JSON Lines | .jsonl .ndjson |
| ics | iCalendar | .ics .ical |
| vcf | vCard | .vcf .vcard |
| json | JSON | .json |
| xml | XML | .xml |
| parquet | Parquet | .parquet .pq |
| sqlite | SQLite Database | .sqlite .sqlite3 .db |
| dot | Graphviz DOT. Also graphviz. | .gv .dot |
| py | Python Source. Also python. | .py |
| sql | SQL Script | .sql |
| scc | Scenarist Captions | .scc |
| msgpack | MessagePack | .msgpack .mpk |
| cbor | CBOR | .cbor |
| bson | BSON | .bson |
| plist | Property List | .plist |
| ini | INI | .ini .cfg |
| env | Dotenv | .env |
| properties | Java Properties | .properties |
| json5 | JSON5 | .json5 |
| jsonc | JSON with Comments | .jsonc |
| hcl | HCL | .hcl .tf .tfvars |
| sav | SPSS Data | .sav .zsav |
| dta | Stata Data | .dta |
| sas7bdat | SAS Data | .sas7bdat |
| xpt | SAS Transport | .xpt |
| mdb | Access Database | .mdb .accdb |
| gpx | GPX | .gpx |
| kml | KML | .kml |
| kmz | KMZ | .kmz |
| tcx | TCX | .tcx |
| fit | Garmin FIT | .fit |
| nmea | NMEA Log | .nmea |
| igc | IGC Flight Log | .igc |
| geojson | GeoJSON | .geojson |
| hocr | hOCR | .hocr |
| d2 | D2 Diagram | .d2 |
| mermaid | Mermaid Diagram | .mmd .mermaid |
| pikchr | Pikchr Diagram | .pikchr |
| abc | ABC Notation | .abc |
| mhtml | MHTML | .mhtml .mht |
| webarchive | Safari Web Archive | .webarchive |
Ebooks
| Id | Name | Extensions |
|---|---|---|
| epub | EPUB | .epub |
| fb2 | FictionBook. Also fictionbook. | .fb2 |
| cbz | Comic Book Archive (ZIP) | .cbz |
| cbr | Comic Book Archive (RAR) | .cbr |
| mobi | Mobipocket eBook | .mobi .prc .azw |
| azw3 | Kindle KF8 eBook | .azw3 |
| lit | Microsoft Reader eBook | .lit |
| lrf | Sony Reader eBook | .lrf |
| pdb | Palm Database eBook | .pdb |
| htmlz | HTMLZ | .htmlz |
| txtz | TXTZ | .txtz |
| rb | Rocket eBook | .rb |
| tcr | TCR eBook | .tcr |
| cbt | Comic Book Archive (TAR) | .cbt |
Audio
| Id | Name | Extensions |
|---|---|---|
| mp3 | MP3 Audio | .mp3 |
| wav | WAV Audio. Also wave. | .wav |
| m4a | M4A Audio | .m4a |
| ogg | Ogg Audio. Also vorbis. | .ogg .oga |
| flac | FLAC Audio | .flac |
| wma | Windows Media Audio | .wma |
| aiff | AIFF Audio. Also aif. | .aiff .aif |
| opus | Opus Audio | .opus |
| aac | AAC Audio | .aac |
| au | Sun AU Audio | .au .snd |
| caf | Core Audio Format | .caf |
| ac3 | AC-3 Audio | .ac3 |
| gsm | GSM Audio | .gsm |
| dts | DTS Audio | .dts |
| amr | AMR Audio | .amr |
| m4b | M4B Audiobook. Also audiobook. | .m4b |
| m4r | iPhone Ringtone. Also ringtone. | .m4r |
| ape | Monkey's Audio | .ape |
| wv | WavPack. Also wavpack. | .wv |
| tta | True Audio | .tta |
| mka | Matroska Audio | .mka |
| spx | Speex. Also speex. | .spx |
| mp2 | MP2 Audio | .mp2 |
| mod | Tracker Module. Also tracker. | .mod .xm .it .s3m .mptm .mtm .umx |
| midi | MIDI. Also mid. | .mid .midi .kar |
| w64 | Wave64 | .w64 |
| dsf | DSD Stream | .dsf .dff |
| mpc | Musepack | .mpc |
Video
| Id | Name | Extensions |
|---|---|---|
| mp4 | MP4 Video | .mp4 .m4v |
| mov | QuickTime Video. Also quicktime. | .mov |
| webm | WebM Video | .webm |
| mkv | Matroska Video. Also matroska. | .mkv |
| avi | AVI Video | .avi |
| 3gp | 3GPP Video. Also 3gpp. | .3gp .3g2 |
| flv | Flash Video | .flv |
| mpg | MPEG Video. Also mpeg. | .mpg .mpeg .vob |
| ts | MPEG Transport Stream. Also mpegts. | .ts .m2ts .mts |
| wmv | Windows Media Video | .wmv .asf |
| ogv | Ogg Video. Also theora. | .ogv |
| mxf | MXF Video | .mxf |
| rm | RealMedia. Also realmedia. | .rm .rmvb |
| dv | DV Video | .dv |
| h264 | Raw H.264 Stream. Also avc. | .h264 .264 |
| hevc | Raw HEVC Stream. Also h265. | .hevc .h265 .265 |
| y4m | YUV4MPEG | .y4m |
| ivf | IVF | .ivf |
| mjpeg | Motion JPEG | .mjpeg .mjpg |
Archives
| Id | Name | Extensions |
|---|---|---|
| zip | ZIP Archive | .zip |
| 7z | 7-Zip Archive | .7z |
| tar | Tar Archive | .tar |
| tgz | Gzipped Tar Archive | .tgz |
| rar | RAR Archive | .rar |
| txz | XZ Tar Archive | .txz |
| tbz2 | Bzip2 Tar Archive | .tbz2 .tbz |
| tzst | Zstandard Tar Archive | .tzst |
| deb | Debian Package | .deb |
| cab | Windows Cabinet | .cab |
| iso | ISO Disc Image | .iso |
| cpio | cpio Archive | .cpio |
| gz | Gzip | .gz |
| bz2 | Bzip2 | .bz2 |
| xz | XZ | .xz |
| zst | Zstandard | .zst |
| lz4 | LZ4 | .lz4 |
| br | Brotli | .br |
| lz | Lzip | .lz |
| rpm | RPM Package | .rpm |
| xar | XAR Archive | .xar .pkg |
| lzh | LHA Archive | .lzh .lha |
| arj | ARJ Archive | .arj |
| alz | ALZip Archive | .alz |
| dmg | Apple Disk Image | .dmg |
| msi | Windows Installer | .msi |
| wim | Windows Image | .wim |
| vhd | Virtual Hard Disk | .vhd .vhdx |
| vmdk | VMware Disk | .vmdk |
| qcow2 | QEMU Disk | .qcow2 .qcow |
Updated 3 November 2026